Early signs, in the first four weeks
The first month is quiet. Implantation takes place around days 18 to 23, and any signs are mild.
- Nipples may enlarge and turn pink.
- The dog may be more affectionate, or less active.
- Some dogs have morning sickness after implantation.
Later signs, from week 5 onward
| Roughly when | Sign |
|---|---|
| Day 45 | Appetite may decrease |
| Days 45 to 50 | The abdomen becomes enlarged and firm |
| About day 50 | Puppy movement may be visible |
| Weeks 5 to 8 | Weight gain, more urination, behavior changes and a clear, odorless vaginal discharge |
| Days 58 to 62 | Nesting often begins |
| Days 61 to 62 | Appetite may drop |
| 12 to 24 hours before labor | Body temperature falls, restlessness, pacing, panting or digging |
Why signs are not proof
Most of these signs also occur in a false pregnancy, when a dog that is not pregnant shows nesting, enlarged nipples and sometimes milk, typically about 6 to 8 weeks after her heat. Weight gain and a swollen belly can have other medical causes too, including womb infection. Read more on false pregnancy in dogs.
How a vet confirms it
A vet can use ultrasound from about day 28 to 30, a relaxin blood test from about day 27 to 30, and X-ray from about day 55 to count puppies. The dog pregnancy test guide explains each method.
What to do if you think she is pregnant
- Note the breeding date or dates, and work out the due date with the dog pregnancy calculator.
- Book a vet visit to confirm, and ask about food, worming and vaccines for a pregnant dog.
- Do not press on the belly to check for puppies.
- Prepare a whelping area, see the week-by-week timeline.
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of pregnancy in a dog?
Enlarged, pink nipples, more affection or less activity, and sometimes morning sickness. Many dogs show nothing for the first three weeks.
When does a pregnant dog start to show?
The abdomen usually becomes enlarged and firm from about day 45 to 50.
Can a dog look pregnant when she is not?
Yes. A false pregnancy, usually 6 to 8 weeks after a heat, can cause nesting, milk and a swollen belly.